JK Academy Maharashtra Board Class 8 History Solutions Chapter 8 Civil Disobedience Movement
Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 8 History Solutions Chapter 8 Civil Disobedience Movement Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers
Maharashtra State Board Class 8 History Solutions Chapter 8 Civil Disobedience Movement
Class 8 History Chapter 8 Civil Disobedience Movement Textbook Questions and Answers
Exercise
1. Rewrite the statements by choosing the appropriate options. (Mahatma Gandhi, Khuda-i-Khidmatgar, Ramsay Mac Donald, Sarojini Naidu)
(1) …………. organised the Round Table Conference in London.
Answer: Ramsay Mac Donald
(2) Khan Abdul Gafar Khan established the organisation named _________.
Answer: Khuda-i-Khidmatgar
(3) ………… led the Dharasana Satyagraha.
Answer: Sarojini Naidu
(4) In the Second Round Table Conference ………… participated as a representative of Indian National Congress.
Answer: Mahatma Gandhi.
2. Explain the following statements with reasons.
(1) Chandrasingh Thakur was court martialled and severely punished.
Answer:
(i) On 23 April 1930, Khan Abdul Gafar Khan started satyagraha at Peshawar.
(ii) The town was in the hands of the satyagrahis nearly for a week. (iii) The British Government gave orders to the Garhwal regiment to carry out open firing on the Satyagrahis.
(iv) But Chandrasing Thakur, an officer of Garhwal Regiment, refused to open fire.
(v) He was court martialled and was given a severe punishment.
(2) The Government declared Martial Law at Solapur.
Answer:
(i) The mill workers were on the forefront in the Solapur satyagraha. (ii) On 6 May 1930, hartal was observed in Solapur.
(iii) A huge procession was organised in Solapur.
(iv) The District Collector gave orders of firing on the procession. Many volunteers along with Shankar Shivdare died in the firing.
(v) As a result, people started attacking police stations, railway station, courts, municipal buildings etc.
(vi) The Government declared Martial Law and the agitation was supressed.
(3) The deliberations in the First Round Table Conference proved to be meaningless.
Answer:
(i) Ramsay MacDonald was the chairman of the Round Table Conference.
(ii) Representatives of England and India participated in the Conference.
(iii) However, the Indian National Congress did not participate in it. (iv) The Indian National Congress was a body that represented the country.
(v) Without its participation, the deliberations in the Round Table Conference were indeed meaningless.
(4) Gandhiji began fast unto death in the Yerwada jail.
Answer:
(i) Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar represented the Dalits in the Round Table Conference.
(ii) He demanded seperate electorates for the Dalits. After the Second Round Table Conference the British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald declared ‘Communal Awards’.
(iii) According to it, Dalits were given seperate electorates.
(iv) Gandhiji went on fast unto death at Yerwada jail protesting against the granting of seperate electorate on the basis of caste.
3. Answer the following questions in 25 to 30 words.
(1) Why did Gandhiji decide to break the Salt Act to begin the satyagraha all over the country?
Answer:
(i) Before beginning the Civil Disobedience Movement, Gandhiji put up various demands in front of the British Government.
(ii) One of the important demand was to cancel the salt tax and monopoly of British Government for manufacture of salt.
(iii) But because the demands of Gandhiji were rejected by the Government he decided to launch Satyagraha all over India by breaking the salt act.
(2) Why did the Indian National Congress withdraw the Civil Disobedience Movement?
Answer:
(i) A pact was signed between Mahatma Gandhi and Viceroy Irwin which is known as the ‘Gandhi-Irwin Pact’.
(ii) According to this pact, the British Government assured that the system of Responsible Governemt would be added in the proposed constitution of India.
(iii) Consequently Indian National Congress withdrew the Civil Disobedience Movement and agreed to attend the Round Table Conference.
4. Complete the following timeline of Civil Disobedience Movement.
Answer:
12 March 1930 – Gandhiji set out from Sabarmati Ashram with 78 followers for launching the Salt Satyagraha.
6 April 1930 – Gandhiji broke the salt act by picking up the salt laying on the sea shore of Dandi and the Civil Disobedience Movement started all over the country.
23 April 1930 – Khan Abdul Gafar Khan started satyagraha at Peshawar.
4 May 1930 – Gandhiji was arrested.
6 May 1930 – hartal was observed in Solapur.
Project
(1) Gather additional information along with photographs about the work of following personalities in the Civil Disobedience Movement and exhibit it in the class. (a) Sarojini Naidu (b) Khan Abdul Gafar Khan (c) Babu Genu Said.
(2) Plot on an outline map of India ,the places mentioned in the chapter where the Civil Disobedience Movement took place.