Class 8 History Lesson 3 Effects of British Rule – answers

Std 8 History Lesson 3 Effects of British Rule questions and answers

Maharashtra State Board Effects of British Rule Class 8 Lesson 3 Solution

Exercise

1. Rewrite the statements by choosing the appropriate options.

(1) Portuguese, ……………, French, British participated in the competition of capturing Indian market.

(a) Austrian (b) Dutch (c) German (d) Swedish

Ans. Dutch

(2) In 1802 Peshwa …………… signed the Subsidiary Alliance with the British.

(a) Bajirao I (b) Sawai Madhavrao (c) Peshwa Nanasaheb (d) Bajirao II

Ans. Bajirao II

(3) Jamshedjee Tata started the manufacturing of steel at Tata Iron and Steel industry established in …………… .

(a) Mumbai (b) Kolkata (c) Jamshedpur (d) Delhi

Ans. Jamshedpur

2. Explain the following concepts.

(1) Civil Services

Ans:

  • To strengthen the British rule in India there was a need of bureaucrats.
  • Lord Cornwallis introduced bureaucracy.
  • Civil services became an important part of British government.
  • He restricted the private trade carried out by the company officers and for this purpose he increased their salary.
  • For the convenience of administration he divided the British occupied territories into districts.
  • The District Collector was the chief of district administration.
  • He was responsible for collection of revenue, giving justice, maintaining law and order.
  • The officers were appointed through competitive examinations known as Indian Civil Services (ICS).

(2) Commercialisation of Agriculture

Ans.

  • The process of giving stress on cultivation of profit giving cash crops instead of food grains is known as the commercialisation of agriculture.
  • Initially food grains were cultivated by the farmers.
  • It used to fulfill their domestic needs as well as the needs of the village.
  • The British Government started giving more encouragement to cash crops like cotton, indigo, tobacco, tea etc.

(3) Economic policy of British

Ans:

  • Due to industrial revolution, capitalist economy prevailed in England.
  • Hence they inculcated an economic system in India which was conducive to economic system in England.
  • Due to this Britishers gained economic benefit, but India started facing economic exploitation.

3. Explain the following statements with reasons.

(1) Farmers in India became bankrupt.

Ans.

  • To increase income, the British made important changes in the revenue system.
  • Land was measured and as per the area of the land, the tax was fixed.
  • Payment of tax was made compulsory in the form of cash.
  • If the farmer failed to pay tax in time, then his land would be confiscated.
  • The British system of land revenue collection differed from place to place which led to exploitation of all farmers.
  • Thus farmers in India became bankrupt.

(2) There was decline of traditional industries in India.

Ans.

  • The British government obtained huge taxes on goods exported from India to England.
  • On the other hand very less tax was imposed on goods imported from England to India.
  • Also the goods manufactured in England were machine made and hence there was maximum production at minimum cost.
  • To compete with such cheap products was difficult for the Indian artisans.
  • Eventually it led to closing down of traditional industries and many artisans became unemployed.

4. Complete the following table.

Person Work
Lord Cornwallis Introduced Civil Service
Lord William Bentinck Passed Sati Prohibition Act
Lord Dalhousie Passed the Widow Remarriage Act
Sir William Jones, Established ‘Asiatic Society of Bengal’

Project

Prepare detailed information with pictures about the development by British in administration, education, transport and communication in India.

Std 8

1. Sources of History

2. Europe and India

3. Effects of British rule

4. The Freedom Struggle of 1857 

5. Social and Religious Reforms

6. Beginning of Freedom Movement

7. Non-co-operation Movement

8. Civil Disobedience Movement 

9. Last Phase of Struggle for Independence

10. Armed Revolutionary Movement

11. Struggle for Equality

12. India gains Independence 

13. Fulfillment of Struggle for Independence

14. Formation of State of Maharashtra.

Std 8 Civics

1. Introduction to the Parliamentary System.

2. The Indian Parliament

3. The Union Executive

4. The Indian Judicial System

5. The State Government

6. Bureaucracy

➤